Billionaire Charlie Munger, Warren Buffett's right-hand man, offers sage advice on how to be productive

Echoing the comments of William Deresiewicz, Charlie Munger offers somesage advice on multi-tasking:I will say this, I know no wise person who doesnt read a lot. I suspect that you can read on the computer now and get a lot of benefit out of it, but I doubt it will work as well as reading print worked for me.I think people that multitask pay a huge price. They think theyre being extra productive, and I think theyre (out of their mind). I use the metaphor of the one-legged man in the a---kicking contest.I think when you multi-task so much, you dont have time to think about anything deeply. Youre giving the world an advantage you shouldnt do. Practically everybody is drifting into that mistake.Concentrating hard on something that is important isI cant succeed at all without doing it. I did not succeed in life by intelligence. I succeeded because I have a long attention span.It sounds counter-intuitive, but if you want to increase discretionary time and reduce stress you need to schedule time to think. The tiny fragments of time many of us find ourselves with have a negative effect on our ability to think deeply about a problem. Furthermore they impede our ability to learnwe stay at a surface level and never move into a deep understanding.Deresiewicz warns: You simply cannot (think) in bursts of 20 seconds at a time, constantly interrupted by Facebook messages or Twitter tweets, or fiddling with your iPod, or watching something on YouTube.The opposite approach is to focus on a problem or subject and try to achieve a deep fluency. How many of us, however, have time' We dont do the work required to have an opinion. Instead we operate with surface knowledge.We tackle problems with the first thought that comes to mind. Because we make a poor initial decision, we spend countless hours attempting to correct it. No wonder we have no time to think. Were not heeding the advice of Joseph Tussman and letting the world do the work for us.We sound good and yet and we fail to learnin part because everyone else is doing the same thing. Well, when you do what everyone else does, dont be surprised when you get the same results everyone else gets.If you want to get off the same track that everyone else is on, start schedulingtime to think. Thats what Munger did when he sold himself the best hour of his day. Structure your environment in a way that promotes thinking and reduces interruption. And match your energy to your task.SEE ALSO:13 bad habits you should break in 2016 to be more productiveJoin the conversation about this storyNOW WATCH: The 8 best movies on Netflix you've probably never heard of
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