China's economy is about to get pretty weird again

We know two things about China right now.We know that pretty much all of the country's July economic data was bad.And we know the government is unlikely to do much about itat least not as much as it's been doing since the beginning of the year, when it really looked as if the economy was going off the rails.Without that policy support, it's unclear what the Chinese economy is going to look like. But based on what we saw last month, it doesn't seem like it could be anything good.So once summer break is over, prepare for the possibility that we will to return to a China on the downswing and all of the volatility that that entails.July"China's July data disappointed on all fronts, from production and investment to credit and money. Not only did private sector continue to lose momentum, but the state seems to have stopped topping up its support," Societe Generale analyst Wei Yao wrote in a recent note to clients.A quick rundown of how the country did:Fixed-asset investment in the private sector slowed, from -0.5% in June to -0.6% in July.Fixed-asset investment for state-owned enterprises also slowed, from 24% in June to 14% in July.Fiscal spending grew only 0.3% in July, after growing over 15% in the first half of the year.Property-sector investment slowed, from 3.5% in June to 1.4% in July.July new bank loans were one-third of what they were in June, according to Societe Generale, and broad money growth slowed to its lowest pace in 15 months.A lot of China watchers knew this would happen eventually. In April, Chinese state media quoted an "authoritative figure" who warned that the government would not use unfettered credit growth to try to inflate the economy out of a slowdown. The economic reforms that China has been promising for years now, they assured readers, are still coming.Why bother'China has to do all of this because it's trying to transition its economy from one based on investment to one based on domestic consumption at a time when it's also carrying a massive amount of debt.In short: What were once the most vibrant parts of the country's economymanufacturing and exportsare slowing dramatically at a time when a lot of cash, especially in the corporate sector, is going toward paying down debt.And so China is trying to keep some control over the expansion of credit while still supplying enough to keep the wheels of its economy greased.We can see this disconnect quite clearly in one metrictotal social financing. It's a figure the Chinese government made up in 2011 to track all the money in the country, including credit out to borrowers and even parts of its opaque shadow-banking system.In July, it grew by only $82 billion, as opposed to $241 billion in June. The big drag, according to Societe Generale, was the amount in new loans.Of course, any expansion is still an expansion of debt, and in this case, nonperforming loans, which were up 3.2% from the quarter before, to $217 billion.As Christopher Langner at Bloomberg pointed out, that means "there were more nonperforming loans in China at the end of June than Vietnam's entire 2015 GDP."What's more, there's a lot under the hood here that we're not seeing. Last week, the International Monetary Fund released a report warning that China's $2.9 trillion shadow banking system is a disaster waiting to happen.The system includes wealth management productswhich last month, HSBC pointed out, were growing at a rate of 20% while the country's monetary supply was growing at 15%. It's sucking in money faster than the country can print it.Which is, c'mon, pretty nuts.Join the conversation about this storyNOW WATCH: Here's what Rio's 'uninhabitable' Olympic Village looks like
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